09/09/2026
Last month I visited Norway to pay respects to Group Captain Surplice, the first Station Commander of RAF Rivenhall. After paying my respects at his grave, I spent some time looking at the headstones of those that lay around him at the Oslo cemetery. I was struck by the fact that many who had ended up in that small Commonwealth War Grave collection were Airborne Forces.
Five members of the Royal Engineers (Airborne) lay in their separate graves, but having arrived together in Norway. Operation Freshman, the first time ever that Horsa gliders had been used on operations. In November 1942 two gliders were towed by Halifax tugs from Scotland carrying these specially trained Royal Engineers. Their task - to blow up the hard water plant at Vemork, Telemark. It was a disaster, both gliders crashed in the mountains along with one of the tugs. Those that didn’t die in the crashes were captured by the Germans. Having endured months of interrogation, these were the last five to be executed under Hitlers Commando Order.
Lining both the front and rear rows of the cemetery plot were members of the 1st Airborne Division, famed for the Battle of Arnhem. After Arnhem the Division had been held in reserve, with many of the units still very under strength after their losses. On 10th May 1945 the Division was flown from bases across Essex and Suffolk (including Rivenhall) to accept the surrender of German forces in Norway. The weather had deteriorated and the order to turn back was given - some aircraft did not get the signal and crashed in Norway. Two days after War in Europe had ended these men, some who had fought in many battles, died in plane crashes. It is hard to fathom the impact that must have had on the Division.
The cemetery in Oslo was immaculate - a very touching place to visit. Thank you to our Norwegian friends who continue to remember our fallen.