06/11/2026
Before there was a courthouse, a county government, or even an organized town, there was a vision for the future of the Texas Panhandle.
In June 1887, local residents recognized that the arrival of the Southern Kansas Railway would bring new settlers and opportunities to the region. They circulated a petition to organize Hemphill County. Although the petition reportedly fell two signatures short of the legal requirement, Wheeler County Judge Emmanuel Dubbs accepted it, and an election was set for July 5, 1887.
The voters approved the organization of Hemphill County, selected the new town of Canadian as the county seat, and elected the county’s first officials. Soon after, land was donated for a courthouse and jail, laying the foundation for the community we know today.
These photos feature an 1887 map of Hemphill County and information about Judge John Hemphill, the Texas statesman for whom the county was named. A lawyer, judge, and U.S. Senator, Hemphill played an important role in early Texas history, and his name remains part of our county’s identity more than 130 years later.
As the River Valley Pioneer Museum celebrates 40 Years of Preserving the Past, we invite you to explore the stories, people, and decisions that helped shape Hemphill County.