08/25/2026
As families are wrapping up their back-to-school shopping and settling into their school year routines, we’re looking back to see what one student bought more than 150 years ago!
In 1870, Horace Ragan juggled laboring on a local farm with attending school, according to census records. Like other Black young people living in Westerville during that time, he was a first-generation student. His parents were from Virginia, where state law had prohibited enslaved people from attaining literacy. So as a 21-year-old, he found himself in the local school, making the most of the opportunity that had been denied to his parents.
Receiving an education took significant financial investment. A local pharmacy ledger records him buying a fifth reader, part of a six-textbook series that had progressively more advanced grammar and reading lessons, for a dollar in October 1871. A month later, Ragan bought a book for another dollar. In January 1872, he bought a dictionary for 65 cents. Ragan’s investment paid off, because later census records indicate that as a middle-aged adult living in Delaware County, he could both read and write.
Pictured: page from pharmacy ledger showing Ragan's purchase of a fifth reader