07/31/2024
Cyanotype photo album owned by Alexander Ramsey’s in-law Rebekah Furness, containing amateur snapshots from the 1870s through the 1910s.
Cyanotypes, more commonly known as “blue prints,” are a type of photography first developed for scientific purposes in 1842 by the astronomer and chemist Sir John Herschel. The process uses paper or cloth soaked in light-sensitive chemicals to create a blue-tinted negative image. Compared to other early photographic processes, cyanotypes were relatively easy and affordable to create, requiring only paper, minimal chemicals, and a cold water rinse to develop an image. Transferring the original negative image to another light sensitive paper to form a positive print was also a much simpler process than with other photographic techniques.
In the 1870s, the simplicity of the cyanotype process made it the first type of photography that was accessible to amateurs. At the time, most photographic equipment was costly, with photos taken on glass plates requiring considerable chemical expertise and to develop and print. Cyanotype photography allowed the first amateur snapshots to be taken and developed at home by hobbyists.
The popularity of the format declined rapidly after 1888, when the Eastman Kodak company introduced celluloid film and its first Kodak camera. The cyanotype process continued to be used to reproduce architectural schematics up through the late 20th century, when it was replaced by xeroxing and digital printing (although, even today, architectural plans are still known as “blueprints.”)