08/29/2026
📜FROM THE COLLECTIONS: Ancient Sumerian Cuneiform Tablet, c. 2500 BCE. WH.1990.58.A
This week in our ongoing series, we're so excited to showcase this ancient clay tablet from the ancient Mesopotamian city of Sumer! Inscribed in the very earliest known writing system, cuneiform, the tablet is a receipt for a royal garment and three other festival gardens, with the weight noted of each. It is signed, "sealed by Gal-ti-mi, scribe, son of Mamre," and tells us that it was made "In the year of Dnigir T. bil dnigir En su" [King of Ur, Second Dynasty]. If this translation is correct, the tablet would date to circa 2500 BCE, or roughly 4500 years ago. Closer inspection shows that the top layer has broken off, revealing another inscription underneath that sadly cannot be translated. Adding a new layer of clay over an existing inscription like this was a common way of recycling used tablets in ancient Mesopotamia.
This fascinating artifact of the ancient world was donated to us in the late 19th century by a woman named Addie E. Burns; her connection to Washington's Headquarters is unknown, however it is believed that she traveled extensively through the Middle East and likely acquired this object at that time. How the tablet survived so long, and how it ended up in Ms. Burns' possession, is sadly unknown. It is now proudly on display in our award-winning "Unpacked and Rediscovered" gallery, available on the second floor of the museum.
➡️ To see this object and many more like it, follow us here on Facebook and come visit us at Washington's Headquarters from Wednesdays-Saturdays from 11am-5pm and Sundays from 1pm-5pm!