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06/25/2024

Si Wa Wata Wa. A Zuni pueblo elder. New Mexico. 1903. Photo by Edward S. Curtis. Source - Library of Congress

06/25/2024

The Storm. Apaches. 1907. Photo by Edward Curtis

06/24/2024

An oasis. Navajo. Photo by Edward Curtis. 1904

06/24/2024

Wild Horse, cousin of Crazy Horse. Oglala Sioux. 1890. Dakota. Photo by D.F. Barry.

06/23/2024

Man outside Taos pueblo. New Mexico. 1908-1925.

06/23/2024

Crow group at Crow Agency, Montana ca. 1906-1909. Photo by N.A. Forsyth. Source - Montana Historical Society.

06/22/2024

Arrow Maker. Taos Pueblo, New Mexico. ca. 1904 - 1907. Photo by Carl Moon. Source - Huntingon Digital Library.

06/22/2024

"Home from the hunt". Taos Pueblo, New Mexico. Early 1900s. Photo by Carl Moon/Fred Harvey. Source - Huntington Digital Library.

06/21/2024

Curly, Crow scout. 1880s. Photo by D.F. Barry

06/21/2024

Philip Return From Scout. Lakota. ca. 1880-1900. Photo by Geoffrey Duncan. Source - Denver Public Library.

06/20/2024

We need a big Aho! 💜🪶

06/20/2024

Geronimo and other Apaches en route to Florida - 10 Sept. 1886

06/19/2024

The Crow, whose autonym is Apsáalooke , also spelled Absaroka, are Native Americans living primarily in southern Montana. Today, the Crow people have a federally recognized tribe, the Crow Tribe of Montana,with an Indian reservation, the Crow Indian Reservation, located in the south-central part of the state.
Crow Indians are a Plains tribe, who speak the Crow language, part of the Missouri River Valley branch of Siouan languages. Of the 14,000 enrolled tribal members, an estimated 3,000 spoke the Crow language in 2007.
During the expansion into the West, the Crow Nation was allied with the United States against its neighbors and rivals, the Sioux and Cheyenne. In historical times, the Crow lived in the Yellowstone River valley, which extends from present-day Wyoming, through Montana and into North Dakota, where it joins the Missouri River.
Since the 19th century, Crow people have been concentrated on their reservation established south of Billings, Montana. Today, they live in several major, mainly western, cities. Tribal headquarters are located at Crow Agency, Montana. The tribe operates the Little Big Horn College

06/19/2024

The Incredible Legacy of Susan La Flesche, the First Native American to Earn a Medical Degree
With few rights as a woman and as an Indian, the pioneering doctor provided valuable health care and resources to her Omaha community.

On March 14, 1889, Susan La Flesche Picotte received her medical degree―becoming the first Native American doctor in U.S. history. She earned her degree thirty-one years before women could vote and thirty-five years before Indians could become citizens in their own country.

By age twenty-six, this fragile but indomitable Native woman became the doctor to her tribe. Overnight, she acquired 1,244 patients scattered across 1,350 square miles of rolling countryside with few roads. Her patients often were desperately poor and desperately sick―tuberculosis, small pox, measles, influenza―families scattered miles apart, whose last hope was a young woman who spoke their language and knew their customs.

This is the story of an Indian woman who effectively became the chief of an entrenched patriarchal tribe, the story of a woman who crashed through thick walls of ethnic, racial and gender prejudice, then spent the rest of her life using a unique bicultural identity to improve the lot of her people―physically, emotionally, politically, and spiritually

06/19/2024

Chief Dan George, (1899-1981)
Geswanouth Slahoot, who became better known as Chief Dan George, was born on July 24, 1899, on the Burrard Indian Reserve (now the Tsleil-Waututh Nation) in North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He was a member of the Coast Salish First Nations, specifically the Burrard Band.

Chief Dan George spent most of his early life on the Burrard Reserve, working as a longshoreman and logger, and participating in tribal rituals and traditions. However, in the 1950s, he began to focus more on his creative pursuits, including acting, writing, and poetry.

In 1960, Chief Dan George made his acting debut in the film “The Trap,” and he went on to appear in many other movies and television shows. He is perhaps best known for his role as Old Lodge Skins in the film “Little Big Man” (1970), which earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor.

In addition to his acting career, Chief Dan George was an accomplished writer and poet. He wrote several books, including “My Heart Soars,” which is a collection of his poems and reflections on life, nature, and spirituality.

Throughout his life, Chief Dan George was also a passionate advocate for Indigenous rights. He used his platform as an actor and author to raise awareness about the injustices faced by First Nations people in Canada and to promote cultural understanding and appreciation.

Chief Dan George was awarded the Order of Canada in 1971 for his contributions to the arts and his advocacy for Indigenous rights. He passed away on September 23, 1981, in North Vancouver, British Columbia, leaving behind a legacy as a trailblazer in Indigenous arts and activism.

Chief Dan George as Old Lodge Skins, “Little Big Man” movie (1970)
Accomplishments

Chief Dan George accomplished a lot in his lifetime. Here are a few of his major accomplishments:

Acting Career: Chief Dan George began his acting career in the 1960s and went on to appear in several films and TV shows. He is perhaps best known for his role in the film “Little Big Man” (1970).
Author: Chief Dan George was also an accomplished author and poet. He wrote several books, including “My Heart Soars,” which is a collection of his poems and reflections on life, nature, and spirituality.
Indigenous Rights Activist: Chief Dan George was a passionate advocate for Indigenous rights and spoke out about the injustices faced by First Nations people in Canada. He used his platform as an actor and author to raise awareness about these issues.
Order of Canada: Chief Dan George was awarded the Order of Canada in 1971 for his contributions to the arts and his advocacy for Indigenous rights. The Order of Canada is one of the highest civilian honors in Canada.
Legacy: Chief Dan George’s work as an actor, author, and activist has had a lasting impact on Indigenous culture in Canada. He is remembered as a trailblazer who paved the way for future generations of Indigenous artists and activists.

Here are a few famous quotes from Chief Dan George:

“The beauty of the trees, the softness of the air, the fragrance of the grass, they speak to me. The summit of the mountain, the thunder of the sky, the rhythm of the sea, speaks to me. The faintness of the stars, the freshness of the morning, the dewdrop on the flower, speaks to me. The strength of the fire, the taste of salmon, the trail of the sun, and the life that never goes away, they speak to me. And my heart soars.”
“May the stars carry your sadness away, may the flowers fill your heart with beauty, may hope forever wipe away your tears, and above all, may silence make you strong.”
“The way animals were and the way they lived meant nothing to me as a child. It was not until later that I realized what had been lost.”
“When you know who you are; when your mission is clear and you burn with the inner fire of unbreakable will; no cold can touch your heart; no deluge can dampen your purpose.”
“The young man knows the rules, but the old man knows the exceptions.”

Acting

Chief Dan George appeared in several movies throughout his career. Here are some of his most notable film appearances:

The Trap (1966)
Little Big Man (1970)
Harry and Tonto (1974)
The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976)
Americathon (1979)
Spirit of the Wind (1979)
The Shadowmaker (1990, posthumous release)
In addition to his film work, Chief Dan George also appeared in several television shows, including “The Beachcombers” and “Kung Fu,” and he provided the voice of Chief in the animated film “The Fox and the Hound” (1981).

Books

Chief Dan George was an accomplished author and poet, and he wrote several books throughout his career. Here are some of his notable works:

My Heart Soars (1974): This book is a collection of Chief Dan George’s poetry and reflections on life, nature, and spirituality. It includes his famous poem “My Heart Soars,” which expresses his love and appreciation for the natural world.
You Call Me Chief: Impressions of the Life of Chief Dan George (1987): This book is a collection of writings about Chief Dan George’s life and legacy, including interviews, essays, and speeches. It provides insight into his activism and his impact on Indigenous culture in Canada.
The Best of Chief Dan George (1993): This book is a compilation of Chief Dan George’s most famous speeches, essays, and poetry. It includes his thoughts on a wide range of topics, including Indigenous rights, environmentalism, and spirituality.
The Spirit of the People: The Writings of Chief Dan George (1997): This book is a comprehensive collection of Chief Dan George’s writings, including his poetry, speeches, and essays. It offers a complete picture of his worldview and his contributions to Indigenous culture and activism.
My Spirit Soars (2019): This posthumously released book is a collection of Chief Dan George’s poetry and reflections, compiled by his son, Chief Jesse Nighthawk George. It includes previously unpublished work and offers new insights into Chief Dan George’s creative process and spiritual beliefs.
Lagacy

Chief Dan George was married to his wife, Amy George, for over 50 years. They had seven children together: Robert, Leonard, Doreen, Barbara, Shirley, Chief Jesse Nighthawk, and Marlene.

Many members of Chief Dan George’s family were also involved in Indigenous activism and cultural preservation. Chief Jesse Nighthawk George, his son, followed in his father’s footsteps and became a prominent Indigenous leader and activist. Other family members were involved in the arts, education, and community building.

Today, Chief Dan George’s legacy is carried on by his descendants and by the many Indigenous people he inspired through his work as an actor, author, and activist. His contributions to Indigenous culture and rights continue to be celebrated and honored by people around the world.

06/19/2024

Mary Frances Thompson Fisher (December 3, 1895 – October 25, 1995), best known as Te Ata, was an actress and citizen of the Chickasaw Nation known for telling Native American stories. She performed as a representative of Native Americans at state dinners before President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s. She was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1957 and was named Oklahoma's first State Treasure in 1987.
Te Ata began her early education in a one-room tribal school, but after two years she was sent to Bloomfield Academy, a Chickasaw boarding school for girls. At Bloomfield, she met Muriel Wright, a teacher who became her role model. Te Ata graduated high school from Tishomingo, Oklahoma, where she was salutatorian.
In the fall of 1915, Te Ata began college at the Oklahoma College for Women (now the University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma) in Chickasha, and graduated in 1919. During her time at Oklahoma College for Women, she worked as an assistant in the theater department for theater instructor Frances Dinsmore Davis. It was during this time that Te Ata was first introduced to the stage.
Te Ata’s life and likeness have been featured in many books, plays and magazines. In the summer of 1924, Te Ata was featured in McCall's magazine in its "Types of American Beauty" series.
Her life and performances have been commemorated through several different awards. She was the namesake for Lake Te Ata in New York. She was named the Ladies' Home Journal Woman of the Year in 1976. She was inducted into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame in 1957 and named Oklahoma’s Official State Treasure in 1987. In 1990, she was inducted into the Chickasaw Hall of Fame

06/17/2024

"I am an old woman now. The buffaloes and black-tail deer are gone, and our Indian ways are almost gone. Sometimes I find it hard to believe that I ever lived them.
My little son grew up in the white man's school. He can read books, and he owns cattle and has a farm. He is a leader among our Hidatsa people, helping teach them to follow the white man's road.
He is kind to me. We no longer live in an earth lodge, but in a house with chimneys, and my son's wife cooks by a stove.
But for me, I cannot forget our old ways.
Often in summer I rise at daybreak and steal out to the corn fields, and as I hoe the corn I sing to it, as we did when I was young. No one cares for our corn songs now.
Sometimes in the evening I sit, looking out on the big Missouri. The sun sets, and dusk steals over the water. In the shadows I see again to see our Indian village, with smoke curling upward from the earth lodges, and in the river's roar I hear the yells of the warriors, and the laughter of little children of old.
It is but an old woman's dream. Then I see but shadows and hear only the roar of the river, and tears come into my eyes. Our Indian life, I know, is gone forever."
Waheenee - Hidatsa (North Dakota)

06/17/2024

“This is my great-grandma, Christina Levant Platt at age 100, weeding her garden. She was born into slavery. Her “owner” was a wife that taught my great grandma to read and write secretly, which was illegal and quite dangerous at that time for both of them. She learned to read the Bible.
She had 11 children, she lost two, one son was one of the first black attorneys in US. She sent the 4 boys to college in Boston. Exceptional in those days.
She passed 5yrs before I was born but I love her as if I knew her. Family tells me she would say “ I put prayers on my children’s children’s heads”.
This apparently worked💜
Around April 12, 1861, Christina was at the 1st battle of the CIVIL WAR, in Fort Sumter at Charleston Bay, South Carolina, working in the cotton fields.
She said “the sky was black as night” from cannonball fire. She saw a man decapitated by a cannonball.
She was the water girl for the other slaves as a young girl and “ the lookout” for the slaves in the fields for the approaching overseer on horseback as they secretly knelt and prayed for their freedom.
She would watch for the switching tail of the approaching horse and would alert the slaves to rise up and return to picking cotton before he saw them.
She eventually married a Native American from the Santee Tribe. John C, Platt.
After freedom, Christina insisted upon taking her children north as she knew they would not get a good education in the south, and that’s all she cared about. She died at age 101 in 1944, where she and her husband had built a home in Medfield, Massachusetts, the first black family to move there.
With great respect, I honor my great grandmother.
So much more I could say about this miraculous woman. She gave me much strength in my hard times.
Whenever I thought I was having a hard day, I would think of her and shrug it off.
Thank you for reading one story of millions. 💜”
-Brenda Russell❤🧡❤

06/15/2024

John Trudell (February 15, 1946 – December 8, 2015) was a Native American author, poet, actor, musician, and political activist. He was the spokesperson for the Indians of All Tribes' takeover of Alcatraz beginning in 1969, broadcasting as Radio Free Alcatraz. During most of the 1970s, he served as the chairman of the American Indian Movement, based in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

After his pregnant wife, three children and mother-in-law were killed in 1979 in a suspicious fire at the home of his parents-in-law on the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes Duck Valley Indian Reservation in Nevada, Trudell turned to writing, music and film as a second career. He acted in films in the 1990s. The documentary Trudell (2005) was made about him and his life as an activist and artist.

Early life and education
Trudell was born in Omaha, Nebraska on February 15, 1946, the son of a Santee Dakota father and a Mexican mother. He grew up in small towns near the Santee Sioux Reservation in northern Nebraska near the southeast corner of South Dakota. He was educated in local schools and also in Santee Dakota culture.

Military service
At the age of 17 in 1963, Trudell dropped out of high school and left the Midwest to join the US Navy. He served during the early years of the Vietnam War and stayed in the Navy until 1967.

Afterwards, he attended San Bernardino Valley College, a two-year community college in San Bernardino, California, studying radio and broadcasting.

Activism
After leaving the military, Trudell had become involved in Indian activism. In 1969, he became the spokesperson for the United Indians of All Tribes' occupation of Alcatraz Island. This was a mostly student-member group that had developed in San Francisco. Trudell went to Alcatraz a week after the occupation started. He used his background in broadcasting and ran a radio station from the island through a cooperative arrangement with students at the University of California, Berkeley, broadcasting at night over the Berkeley FM station KPFA. The show was called Radio Free Alcatraz. He discussed the cause of the occupation and American Indian issues and played traditional Native American music. He criticized how "the system today is only geared toward white needs."[This quote needs a citation] He spoke for the many Indigenous people who believed they did not fit in with the majority of European-American population of the nation. He became a spokesperson for the occupation specifically and for the Alcatraz-Red Power Movement generally, as the author Vine Deloria, Jr. named it. Trudell was the spokesman for the nearly two-year-long occupation, until 1971.

After the failure of the federal government to meet demands of the protesters at Alcatraz, Trudell joined the American Indian Movement. It had been established in 1968 in Minneapolis among urban American Indians, first to deal with alleged police harassment and injustice in the law enforcement system. Trudell acted as its national chairman from 1973 until 1979. He took the position after the first chairman, Carter Camp, was convicted for actions related to a protest and was sentenced to jail.

Loss of family in house fire
On February 12, 1979, Trudell's wife Tina Manning, their three children and his mother-in-law, Leah Hicks-Manning, died in a suspicious fire at the home of his parents-in-law on the Duck Valley Indian Reservation in Nevada. His father-in-law Arthur Manning survived. He was a member of the Duck Valley Shoshone Paiute's Tribal Council which was working for treaty rights. Opponents included the local tribal police chief and the BIA superintendent, John Artichoker. Leah coordinated social services at the reservation. Tina had been working for tribal water rights at the Wild Horse Reservoir. Opponents of her campaign included officials of the local BIA, Elko County and Nevada state officials, members of the water recreation industry, and local white ranchers. Other activists have also speculated whether there was government involvement behind the tragedy. The housefire that killed Trudell's family happened within 24 hours of him burning a US flag on the steps of the FBI building in Washington D.C. in protest of the government's treatment of Native Americans and the Sioux Nation. Trudell believed that the fire was meant to threaten and silence him and his activist wife.

Trudell believed that the fire was arson, but the BIA police investigation claimed that it was accidental. In numerous interviews, he expressed distrust for the federal government and specifically the FBI. The FBI has been implicated in wrongdoing in Pine Ridge and other reservations during this period, which included offering monetary support to Dick Wilson's Guardians of the Oglala Nation (GOONS). Essentially the GOONS, paid by Dickie Wilson (who in turn was paid by the FBI), the then Band Council Chief (elected in what many believe was a rigged election), terrorized and murdered traditional Sioux people who spoke out against federal government treatment of American Indian people.

Aquash murder controversy
In 2004, Trudell testified in the federal trial of Arlo Looking Cloud, an Oglala Lakota American Indian Movement (AIM) member charged in the kidnapping and murder of Anna Mae Aquash, the highest-ranking woman in AIM, in December 1975. Trudell testified that Looking Cloud had told him that John Graham, another low-level AIM member, was the gunman in the murder. Trudell identified Graham from photographs. Looking Cloud was convicted in 2004 and sentenced to life imprisonment.

His testimony was part of the evidence considered by the Canadian judge who ordered Graham's extradition to the United States in February 2005. On March 2, 2005, the Native Youth Movement Vancouver announced a boycott of Trudell's music and poetry in retaliation for his testimony and alleged that the FBI had killed Aquash. In 2010, Graham was convicted in a South Dakota state court of felony murder of Aquash and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Later years
Trudell was the co-founder, with Willie Nelson, of Hempstead Project Heart, which became a project of Earth Island Institute in 2012. Hempstead Project Heart is dedicated to raising awareness about the environmental, social, and economic benefits of legalizing industrial h**p in America.

Trudell was also involved with Seva Foundation and their Native American programs. He performed at numerous benefit concerts in support of their work.

Personal life
In 1968, Trudell married his first wife, Fenicia "Lou" Ordonez, divorcing in 1970. They had one son, Wovoka Trudell, who was born on Alcatraz Island; and a daughter, Tara Evonne Trudell.

In 1972, Trudell married Tina Manning, an activist of the Duck Valley Shoshone Paiute Tribe. They had three children together: Ricarda Star, Sunshine Karma, and Eli Changing Sun. In February 1979, Tina (who was pregnant), the children and her mother Leah Hicks-Manning were all killed in a fire at her parents' house on the Duck Valley Reservation. Her father Arthur survived. All of this occurred within a day of John Trudell burning the American Flag on the steps of the Capitol building in Washington D.C.

Trudell was in a relationship with Marcheline Bertrand, the mother of actress Angelina Jolie, at the time of her death from cancer in 2007.

In early December 2015, it was announced that Trudell was in the last stages of terminal cancer. His death was prematurely announced on the evening of December 4, 2015; his publicist asked for a retraction and the stories were largely removed from the websites where they had been posted. Trudell died on December 8, 2015.] According to Independent Lens, one of his last statements was: "I want people to remember me as they remember me." After his death, a family member posted: "My ride showed up. Celebrate Love. Celebrate Life," on his page

06/15/2024

History of the Jingle Dress Dance
The Jingle Dress Dance began with the Mille Lacs Band of the Ojibwe Tribe in the early 1900s and became prevalent in the 1920s in Wisconsin and Minnesota (Great Lakes region) in the US and in Ontario, Canada.
The story is that the dress was first seen in a dream. A medicine man’s granddaughter grew sick, and as the man slept his Indian spirit guides came to him and told him to make a Jingle Dress for the little girl. They said if the child danced in it, the dress would heal her. The Jingle Dress was made, and the tribe came together to watch the child dance. At first, the child was too sick to dance alone so her tribe carried her, but after some time, the little girl was able to dance alone, cured of her sickness.
The dance has since been not only a ritual of healing but also one of pride.
What Do Jingle Dresses Look Like?
Jingle Dresses, also known as Prayer Dresses, are believed to bring healing to those who are sick. As mentioned above, the dance gets its name from the rows of ziibaaska’iganan (metal cones) sewed to the dress. These cones are traditionally made from rolled s***f can lids and hung from the dress with ribbon close to one another, so they make a melodic sound as the girls and women dance. Traditionally, the dress is adorned with 365 visible jingles, or cones. Nowadays, these cones are often machine-made.
The dresses come in every color imaginable, from yellow to bright blue, to deep red, and accented with sparkles and even neon-colored fabrics. They are often made with shiny and sparkly materials and decorated with fringes, embroidery, beading, and more.
They usually have three-quarter length to full-length sleeves and come down to mid-calf or the ankle. They are secured at the waist with a thick belt, often made of brown leather. On their feet, the dancer wears decorative moccasins embellished with the same kind of detail found on their dresses.
What are the steps for the Jingle Dance?
As the ziibaaska’iganan hit one another it sounds like rain falling, so it’s important for the dancer to be light on their feet, to move in time with the drum and stop when the beat stops. They keep their foot movements low to the ground while dancing, kicking their heels and bouncing on their toes to the music. Typically, this dance is done in a zigzag pattern, said to represent one’s journey through life—or so the story goes. Often, they keep their hands on their hips, and if they are dancing with a feathered fan (full of neutral colors, like eagle feathers) as the more modern Jingle Dress Dancers do, they will raise it into the air as they dance to receive healing.
The traditional Indian dance involves low, soft-footed steps, as could be performed by those who were sick, while the modern competitive dancers push the boundaries some as they try to out-dance their competitors. The manner in which the dance has evolved has built firmly on its origin story.
What are the songs and music for Jingle Dance?
The music for this style of dancing has a foundation of a solid drumbeat, and of course, the metal cones make a loud jingling (hence the name) as the women move, which contributes to the music you’ll hear at a Jingle Dress Dance. Jingle Dancers will usually dance to Northern drum groups. Special songs for Jingle Dance include a Side Step or Crow Hop.

06/14/2024

Obsidian eyes ...
Black eyes like obsidian, precious stone that even broken can cut.
Brown skin like the color of the land that saw me born, the one that after being plundered for 500 years does not lose its wealth and shine.
Long black hair like the night itself, when coyolchauki accompanies him in solitude and illuminates my walk in the dark,
my language, my culture, my customs and my beliefs,
The blood of my grandparents running through my veins.
Their knowledge, their wisdom, their respect and way of seeing life, that is what I am, the sum of all of them, the very legacy of their lives .
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06/14/2024

Throughout history, long hair has been more than just a style—it's been a potent symbol of masculinity and strength across diverse cultures. From the valiant Greeks celebrated in epic poems for their majestic tresses to the fierce Norse and Native Americans revered for their glossy manes, and the stoic Japanese samurai who regarded their hair as a badge of honor, lengthy hair has always had significance. Vikings proudly displayed their braided hair, and for a samurai, to lose his hair was to lose his dignity.
In stark contrast, the cutting of hair was often used as a method of humiliation for captured warriors, reducing their sense of beauty and honor. This tradition persists subtly in modern military practices, where new recruits are shaved bald to diminish their individuality and ensure conformity.
The preference for short hair emerged in the Roman period, between the 1st and 5th centuries AD, primarily for practical battlefield reasons—it prevented foes from seizing a soldier by his hair and improved the ease of recognizing allies.
Today, despite its deep historical roots connecting long hair with freedom and masculinity, men who choose to keep their hair long often encounter ridicule or are disparagingly labeled as effeminate. This is a significant misunderstanding of the historical context, where short hair, now seen as the norm, deviates from the age-old emblem of masculine strength and autonomy.
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06/13/2024

Hello all my fans. We need a big A'ho!Good Morning Friends ;
“Let your light shine today, and let your personality blossom, too.
You don’t have to be a people-pleaser, just a people-lover.”
“Let your light shine so brightly that others can see their way out of the dark.”
“Your work is to discover who you are and then with all your heart give your light to the world.” around you !
And , “If you want to give light to others you have to glow yourself.”
Enjoy and Keep Shining My Friends ❤
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06/13/2024

This 👇🏽🙏🏽🪶
[Image Description-
Image taken from page 74 of "The History of Monroe County, Iowa. Illustrated" published by Western Historical Company, 1878, over a green forested area.
Red Eagle or William Weatherford (1780 or 1781 - March 24, 1824) was a Creek chief. One of many mixed-race descendants of Southeast Indians who intermarried with European traders and later colonial settlers. Red Eagle was of mixed Creek, French and Scots ancestry.
He was raised as a Creek in the matrilineal nation and achieved his power in it, through his mother's prominent Wind Clan, as well as his father's trading connections. After showing his skill as a warrior, he was given the war name of Hopnicafutsahia. The Creek War (1813-1814), also known as the Red Stick War and the Creek Civil War, was a regional war between opposing Creek factions, European empires, and the United States, taking place largely in Alabama and along the Gulf Coast.
Red Eagle became increasingly concerned about the influx of European Americans onto Creek land and eventually led a group known as “Red Sticks,” bent on protecting their land, their way of life, and their people from intruders.
Eventually the smaller forces of Red Sticks and the larger opposing forces led by General Andrew Jackson came against each other. The conflict ended in the decisive defeat of the Red Sticks at The Battle of Horseshoe Bend, near modern-day Dadeville, Alabama. Terms were drawn up that provided far less land than the Creek tribe had previously held.
The quote attributed to Chief Red Eagle reads, "Angry people want you to see how powerful they are.
Loving people want you to see how powerful YOU are."-End ID
🧬Proud of the indigenous blood that runs through our veins.
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#nativeamerican #native #indigenous #art #photography #usa #navajo #nature #love #arizona #travel #artist #puertorican #mexico #beautiful #beauty #cuban #israelites #instagood #instagram #indian #model #mexican #history #tribal #powwow #fineart #haiti #nativepride #africanamerican