Bobby Grant Posts

Bobby Grant Posts History, Music and New Jersey

RFH 1970 Obituary - Derek Preston DutcherDerek passed away July 13, 2024, he was 71 y.o.He grew up in Fair Haven, NJ, an...
09/01/2025

RFH 1970 Obituary - Derek Preston Dutcher
Derek passed away July 13, 2024, he was 71 y.o.
He grew up in Fair Haven, NJ, and graduated in 1970 from Rumson-Fair Haven Regional High School. He studied Business at the University of Virginia, where he was a member of the Virginia Glee Club for two years.
His career as a printing consultant and production specialist began at Whittet and Shepperson in Richmond. Later, he was employed by SEI Investments in Pennsylvania and then started his own investment advisory and printing consulting firm, Bantling Enterprises.
Derek moved to Florida in the 1990s, where he became happily involved in community theater, performing numerous roles over the years with The Sarasota Players, Venice Theater, and other area troupes. An accomplished self-taught chef, he delighted in hosting dinner parties around his huge dining table. An avid reader, Derek loved word play and was an asset to trivia teams. He was also a Grand Master bridge player.
Derek was the son of Olivia Summers Dutcher and Howard J. Dutcher, Jr. He is survived by a sister, Susan Dutcher Forte and her husband Rocco Forte of Hadlyme, CT; also nephew James Forte and his wife Hania Zia, and nieces Cate Forte and Susannah Stahr and her husband Adam, as well as great-niece and -nephew Clover and Caleb Young.
Donations in Derek's memory should be made to your favorite community theater, wherever you may live.
Derek died July 13, 2024 at Tidewell Hospice, Port Charlotte, FL

August 31 -- 7 years ago -- Brief Eulogies given for theLate Senator John McCain (two minutes) -- Well worth watching.WA...
09/01/2025

August 31 -- 7 years ago -- Brief Eulogies given for the
Late Senator John McCain (two minutes) -- Well worth watching.
WATCH @ https://www.nytimes.com/video/us/politics/100000006081937/john-mccain-honored-us-capitol.html?smid=url-share
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All future and serving Senators and Congressmen
need to be reminded of the importance of their office.
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McCain Memorial Service -- NY Times Sept. 1, 2018
reported by By Peter Baker
WASHINGTON — He drove them crazy. He berated them on the way to the White House and badgered them once they got there. He stood by them when he thought they were right and tore at their heels when he was convinced they were wrong. And when it came time to depart this world, John McCain wanted them to tell his story.
Former Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama, the two men who thwarted Mr. McCain’s ambitions to become commander in chief, stood one after the other before the nation’s elite at Washington National Cathedral on Saturday to honor the man they beat, extolling him as a one-of-a-kind figure the likes of which will not be seen again anytime soon.
That they were asked, and not the current president, spoke volumes about the man and the moment. And while neither explicitly mentioned President Trump, who, uninvited and unwelcome, went golfing instead, their tributes could hardly be heard without the unspoken contrast to the current occupant of the Oval Office, a message amplified by a more overt rebuke from the senator’s daughter.
“So much of our politics, our public life, our public discourse, can seem small and mean and petty, trafficking in bombast and insult, in phony controversies and manufactured outrage,” Mr. Obama said. “It’s a politics that pretends to be brave, but in fact is born of fear. John called us to be bigger than that. He called us to be better than that.”
Mr. Bush praised Mr. McCain for his “courage and decency,” an exemplar of the storied American values of standing up to bullying and oppression. “If we are ever tempted to forget who we are, to grow weary of our cause, John’s voice will always come as a whisper over our shoulder — we are better than this, America is better than this,” Mr. Bush said.
If their better-than-this eulogies were widely seen as an implicit reproach of Mr. Trump, Meghan McCain left no mystery who she had in mind with a powerful, emotional, sobbing remembrance of her father that also sounded like a defiant cri de coeur against the tycoon-turned-president who once belittled the senator’s wartime service.
“We gather here,” she said, “to mourn the passing of American greatness — the real thing, not cheap rhetoric from men who will never come near the sacrifice he gave so willingly, nor the opportunistic appropriation of those who lived lives of comfort and privilege while he suffered and served.”
Mocking Mr. Trump’s favorite slogan, she later declared: “The America of John McCain has no need to be made great again because America was always great.” The audience then burst out in applause, something that rarely happens during the traditionally solemn funerals held at the cathedral.
While Mr. Trump was absent, political figures from both parties made their way to the house of worship on a dreary, overcast and humid morning. They came to bid farewell to John Sidney McCain III, son and grandson of admirals, naval aviator, tortured prisoner, congressman, six-term senator, two-time presidential candidate, patriot, maverick, reformer, warrior, curmudgeon, father, husband and finally, in death, American icon.
For his part, Mr. Trump spent the morning railing again on Twitter about his opponents, the news media and the investigation into his campaign’s interactions with Russia during the 2016 election.
He quoted supporters asserting that the inquiry was rigged “to spy on Barrack Obama and Hillary Clinton’s political opponent” (misspelling his predecessor’s name) and that “this is the scandal here — a police state.” He complained about “corruption at the DOJ & FBI” and said the news media “has become tainted and corrupt!”
On his way to his Virginia golf club, he unleashed a few more combative tweets threatening to terminate a trade agreement with Canada and warning that “Congress should not interfere w/these negotiations.” By the end of the day, in a possible rejoinder to Ms. McCain, he tweeted in all caps: “MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN.”
Standing in for Mr. Trump at the cathedral were his daughter Ivanka Trump and son-in-law, Jared Kushner, as well as his chief of staff, John F. Kelly, and national security adviser, John R. Bolton, seated not far away from former President Bill Clinton and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. Rudolph W. Giuliani, the president’s lawyer and a longtime political ally of Mr. McCain’s, also attended.
Mr. McCain, who died last weekend at 81, directed his own farewell with the same contrarian spirit that flavored his political career, and it came off just as he would have wanted. The two-and-a-half-hour ceremony blended the majesty of the officially designated national house of prayer, the discipline of his cherished Naval Academy and the unabashed, unapologetic patriotism of a Fourth of July fireworks display.
As he battled brain cancer, Mr. McCain told his advisers months ago that he wanted Mr. Bush and Mr. Obama to speak at his funeral, then called each of them to make the request. The point was to emphasize the common values that they shared despite their differences.
“That’s what McCain’s trying to say,” said Mark Salter, his longtime confidant. “The message of the whole service is supposed to be there’s a better way to do this, there’s a better way to do politics than the way we’ve been doing it lately.”
Mr. Obama admitted to a “certain surprise” when Mr. McCain called to ask him to speak at his service, but said he came to realize it demonstrated the senator’s relish for unpredictability, disdain for self-pity, largeness of spirit and mischievous streak.
“After all,” Mr. Obama said, “what better way to get a last laugh than to make George and I say nice things about him to a national audience?”
The former president noted that despite their debates, he and Mr. McCain shared a commitment to overhauling immigration and campaign finance laws, and he praised the senator for his fidelity to American principles like the rule of law and a free press.
He recalled that during their 2008 contest, Mr. McCain corrected a supporter who denounced Mr. Obama as an Arab. “I was grateful, but I wasn’t surprised,” he said. “I never saw John treat anyone differently because of their race, or religion, or gender.”
That did not mean they agreed all the time, he noted. “It’s no secret, it’s been mentioned, that he had a temper,” Mr. Obama said, “and when it flared up, it was a force of nature, a wonder to behold — his jaw grinding, his face reddening, his eyes boring a hole right through you. Not that I ever experienced this firsthand, mind you.”
But he said that every so often while he was president, Mr. McCain would come to the White House to “just sit and talk” about their disagreements. “We never doubted the other man’s sincerity or the other man’s patriotism, or that when all was said and done, we were on the same team,” Mr. Obama said. “We never doubted we were on the same team.”
Mr. Bush, who refused to vote for Mr. Trump in 2016, was more oblique in his talk than Mr. Obama, but his description of his onetime rival still struck many in the audience as a contrast to the current president. “Perhaps above all, John detested the abuse of power,” Mr. Bush said. “He could not abide bigots and swaggering despots. There was something deep inside him that made him stand up for the little guy — to speak for forgotten people in . places.”
Mr. Bush defeated Mr. McCain for the Republican presidential nomination in 2000 after an acrid campaign, and the two clashed regularly over the next eight years, perhaps most notably over the issue of torture. Mr. McCain forced Mr. Bush to accept legislation intended to ban the use of waterboarding and other harsh interrogation methods.
But when the war in Iraq went badly and Mr. Bush was abandoned by virtually everyone, Mr. McCain stuck with him and supported a surge of troops and strategy shift that helped turn the war around.
Mr. Bush acknowledged their tense history but said it eased after he left office. “In recent years, we sometimes talked of that intense period like football players remembering a big game,” he said. “In the process, rivalry melted away. In the end, I got to enjoy one of life’s great gifts: the friendship of John McCain. And I will miss him.”
Mr. McCain’s flag-draped coffin was taken by motorcade on Saturday morning from Capitol Hill to the cathedral, stopping along the way at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, where Cindy McCain laid a wreath in honor of her husband, whose five and a half years of captivity during that war vaulted him to national prominence.
At the cathedral, the coffin was brought into the vast chamber and a bourdon bell tolled. The United States Naval Academy Glee Club and Navy Band Brass Ensemble performed music that included the Navy Hymn, “My Country, ’Tis of Thee,” “Amazing Grace” and “America the Beautiful.”
Cindy McCain sat bereft but remarkably composed throughout before finally weeping and leaning on her son Jack’s shoulder during Renée Fleming’s rendition of “Danny Boy.” Roberta McCain, the senator’s 106-year-old mother, was also on hand, quietly grieving.
At Mr. McCain’s request, former Senator Joseph I. Lieberman, an independent Democrat from Connecticut, and former Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger also spoke. Mr. McCain said earlier this year that he wished he had picked Mr. Lieberman as his running mate in 2008 instead of Sarah Palin, who was not invited to Saturday’s service.
The senator’s son Jimmy McCain, wearing his military uniform, read “Requiem,” by Robert Louis Stevenson, the same verses the senator used to end his most recent book. Senator Lindsey Graham, Republican of South Carolina; former Senator Kelly Ayotte, Republican of New Hampshire; and Sidney McCain, another daughter, all read from Scripture.

The honorary pallbearers were a who’s who of the senator’s life and across-the-aisle friendships, including former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr., former Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg of New York, the actor Warren Beatty and a bevy of current and former senators, advisers, fund-raisers and friends. A prominent Russian dissident, Vladimir Kara-Murza, was also included, underscoring the senator’s longstanding opposition to the authoritarian government of President Vladimir V. Putin.
The senator’s remains will be interred on Sunday at the United States Naval Academy Cemetery, next to his lifelong friend and 1958 academy classmate, Adm. Charles R. Larson.
“Home is the sailor, home from the sea,”
In the photo: Roberta McCain, the senator’s 106-year-old mother.

Free At Last
08/16/2025

Free At Last

Fair Haven's Steamboat Dock also known as Chandlers Dock circa 1900. You will notice that everyone at the dock is an African American, this is because along the shores of the Shrewsbury River in what is now known as the "Old Village" the majority of residents were Black Americans. These black folk were masters at the cultivation and harvesting of oysters.
Fair Haven's modern history begins in the 17th century when the Borough was part of the larger Shrewsbury Township. Among the early settlers of Fair Haven were members of the "Religious Society of Friends" i.e. Quakers. These men included: George Hulett, John Borden, Theophilies Little, Joseph Price, Michael Huelett, Thomas Little, Samuel Breese, John Hance and Jacob Corlies -- and they conspired to allow for the sale of land to former African American Slaves as early as 1768.
The sale of land to Negroes was prohibited by the crown's 1704 "Act for Regulating Negro, Indian and Mulatto Slaves within the Province of New Jersey" yet the above mentioned Quakers "sold" land to Negroes; Allowing for the establishment of a very successful enclave of Free African Americans in Fair Haven beginning in 1768.
This African American enclave would encompass all of the land bounded by Fair Haven Rd and the Shrewsbury River Yacht Club and north of River Rd plus the community of Blacks residing on Brown's Lane.
The origins of the town's name "Fair Haven" are unknown, however the above mentioned African Americans owned land and they established an extraordinary and large enclave of Black Families that enjoyed the privileges of land ownership and the benefits of Freedom -- this enclave was truly a "Fair Haven" for "Free Men" i.e. manumitted Slaves.
The first African American purchase of Fair Haven land was the homestead of Caesar Abrahams in 1768 of land bounded by the "Fourth Creek" and Fair Haven Road. One may ask how was title for this land legally transferred to an African American -- an act that would appear to be in violation of the 1704 and 1714 "Acts for Regulating Slaves."
Caesar Abrahams, a well educated and African American man, created an ingenious method for the transfer of land rights -- the creation of a legal loop hole i.e. the prepaid granting of a "2000 Year Land Lease" that would entitle the leasee to all of the privileges and rights of a land owner. Between the years of 1768 and 1791 Mr. Abrahams acquired Eleven and one half acres of land from George Huelett and Theophiles Little.
What was the motivation of masters Huelett and Little to sell land to manumitted slaves? These two fine men were Quakers and in 1730 the Friends Society of Shrewsbury had voted to ban the sale and purchase of slaves and they required that all Quakers manumit their slaves. Additionally, these two fine men looked highly upon manumitted African American slaves for their mastery of Oyster Cultivation and their friendship (see "Owning New Jersey" p. 69).
In 1816 Jeremiah Chandler built a dwelling on the riverbank near the foot of what is now Fair Haven Road. The river provided an economic base for a growing community. By 1850, "Chandler's Dock" had been erected on a site 100 yards east of the present day town dock. Steamboats on the New York-Red Bank run made regular stops.
These ships transported oysters and other river harvest to New York City. During the latter years of the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries, boats such as the "Seabird" and "Albertina" continued that trade and brought numerous summer visitors, many of whom were famous vaudevillians.
Nearby boarding houses and the old VanTine and Atlantic Hotels catered to this clientele. The vaudevillians organized the Player's Club, whose site now serves as home to the Shrewsbury River Yacht Club.
N.B. Fair Haven was originally a Lenape Nation Village for 6,000 years, the village was known as Namèsàk "Fishes" since the year 4000 B.C. -- 5660 years prior to the arrival of European settlers in the 1660's.
For more information about colonial land ownerhip in Monmouth County please read "Owning New Jersey -- Historic Tales of War, Property Disputes & The Pursuit of Happiness" copyright Joseph A. Grabas, published 2014 by the History Press ISBN 978-1-62619--620-9.
The above is copyright 2024 Robert Grant, all rights reserved.
May not be reproduced in any means print or digital without prior written permission.
The above is an excerpt from
"Free At Last -- Fair Haven's African American History 1768 to 1999"
by Robert Grant -- which will be available in book stores and on the internet May 2026.

Fair Haven's Free Men Heroes in 1830 (pre US Civil War) include: the following FH families: Berry, Brown, Reevey, Richar...
08/09/2025

Fair Haven's Free Men Heroes in 1830 (pre US Civil War) include: the following FH families: Berry, Brown, Reevey, Richardson, Hendrickson, Polhemus, Van Brunt, Abrahams, Still, Query and Delorah Williams who sold her family homestead located at the foot of DeNormandie on the River to the Boro circa 2014 (The new FH Boro RIVERSIDE Park) -- Many of these Free Men fought in the U.S. Revolutionary War -- Look for our book "A Fair Haven For African Americans 1768 to 2000" on Amazon May 2026.
As of 2024 the FH African American population was 153 people.

Learn How To SAIL  # 1WATCH @ https://youtu.be/cWXHHaZtxqQ?si=_Bsf_sRLw23sRddoThe Six Essential Skills-- Wind Awareness-...
07/20/2025

Learn How To SAIL # 1
WATCH @ https://youtu.be/cWXHHaZtxqQ?si=_Bsf_sRLw23sRddo
The Six Essential Skills
-- Wind Awareness
-- Sail Setting
-- Boat Balance
-- Boat Trim
-- The Course Sailed
-- The Centerboard
Courtesy of "Sail A Boat" TV

NEVER FORGET -- 22 American Lives  -- PhotosThe Americans missing or killed by Hamas in Israel20 Months and 22 American ...
07/02/2025

NEVER FORGET -- 22 American Lives -- Photos
The Americans missing or killed by Hamas in Israel
20 Months and 22 American Lives Lost to TERRORISM
on October 7, 2023.
Here are some of their PHOTOS
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At least 22 Americans have been killed by Hamas and more than 20 remain missing following the terrorist attack in Israel, officials said.

In honor of June 19th and Black History Month,Here are the manumission papers for Fair Haven, New Jersey's  BERRY Family...
06/22/2025

In honor of June 19th and Black History Month,
Here are the manumission papers for
Fair Haven, New Jersey's BERRY Family.
Both Hannah and Edward Berry were emancipated as follows:
Hannah -- August 1, 1811 and
Edward -- June 9, 1813
Another one of the Berry Family's ancestors was Elisabeth Polhemus. She was "Owned " by David R. Vanderveer and she was manumitted on March 29, 1826.
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CLICK on each of the two photos to read the original
Manumission papers of Hannah and Edward
Prior to the conclusion of the U.S. Civil War (1865) -- the most important possession of any Free African American was their manumission papers. If one was accused of being a runaway slave then one needed proof that you were a Free Man or Woman.
Both Hannah and Edward were owned by Tobias and John Polhemus of what is now Colts Neck, NJ. The Polhemus home still stands at the corner of Laird and Phalanx roads and their home is listed with the "Historic American Buildings Survey" as being built circa 1730. Also located on Laird Rd. are the Polhemus Cemetery and one of the oldest African American Burial Grounds in Monmouth County.
Daniel Polhemus a former slave owner purchased his homestead on Laird Road, May 16, 1709. The Polhemus Family Cemetery is the resting place of the family of Daniel Polhemus, the original owner and builder of the Polhemus farmhouse on Phalanx Road which dates to the 1700s.
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The Polhemus Cemetery is the resting ground for three men who fought as PATRIOTS in the Revolutionary War:
Major John Polhemus
Captain Tobias Polhemus
Colonel Auke Wikoff.
The Polhemus Family Cemetery has 40 gravestones, with 15 gravestones predating 1800.
FACTS about the African Americans who were PATRIOTS
that played an INSTRUMENTAL role in the founding of our nation.
SOUTH Jersey counties had 851 SLAVES and 1,466 FREE BLACKS.
NORTH Jersey counties had 10,572 SLAVES and 1,266 FREE BLACKS.
Fair Haven's modern history begins in the 17th century when the Borough was part of the larger Shrewsbury Township. Among the early settlers of Fair Haven were members of the "Religious Society of Friends" i.e. Quakers. These men included: George Hulett, John Borden, Theophilies Little, Joseph Price, Michael Huelett, Thomas Little, Samuel Breese, John Hance and Jacob Corlies -- and they conspired to ALLOW for the SALE of land to former African American Slaves as EARLY as 1768.
The sale of land to Negroes was prohibited by the crown's 1704 "Act for Regulating Negro, Indian and Mulatto Slaves within the Province of New Jersey" yet the above mentioned Quakers "SOLD" land to Negroes; Allowing for the establishment of a very successful enclave of Free African Americans in Fair Haven beginning in 1768.
This African American enclave would encompass all of the land bounded by Fair Haven Rd and the Shrewsbury River Yacht Club and north of River Rd plus the community of Blacks residing on Brown's Lane.
The origins of the town's name "Fair Haven" are unknown, however the above mentioned African Americans owned land and they established an extraordinary and large enclave of Black Families that enjoyed the privileges of land ownership and the benefits of Freedom -- this enclave was truly a "Fair Haven" for "Free Men" i.e. manumitted Slaves.
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The first African American purchase of Fair Haven land was the homestead of CAESAR ABRAHAMS in 1768 for land bounded by the "Fourth Creek" and Fair Haven Road. One may ask how was title for this land legally transferred to an African American -- an act that would appear to be in violation of the 1704 and 1714 British "Acts for Regulating Slaves."
Caesar Abrahams, a well educated and African American man, created an INGENEOUS Method for the transfer of land rights -- the creation of a Legal Loop Hole i.e. the prepaid granting of a "2000 Year Land Lease" that would entitle the leasee to all of the privileges and rights of a land owner. Between the years of 1768 and 1791 Mr. Abrahams acquired Eleven and one half acres of land from George Huelett and Theophiles Little.
What was the motivation of masters Huelett and Little to sell land to MANUMITTED Slaves? These two fine men were Quakers and in 1730 the Friends Society of Shrewsbury had voted to BAN the SALE and PURCHASE OF SLAVES and they required that all Quakers MANUMIT their slaves. Additionally, these two fine men looked highly upon the manumitted African American slaves for their mastery of Oyster Cultivation and their friendship (see "Owning New Jersey" p. 69).
The North Shrewsbury River provided an economic base for a growing Fair Haven community. By 1850, Steamboats on the New York-Red Bank run made regular stops at "Chandler's Dock."
These ships transported oysters and other river harvest to New York City. During the latter years of the 19th and early part of the 20th centuries, boats such as the "Seabird" and "Albertina" continued that trade and brought numerous summer visitors, many of whom were famous vaudevillians.
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More Black History
The Free African Society (the very 1st Black Fraternal Organization)
was founded by Cyrus Bustill (1732-1806) a New Jersey native.
N.B. Fair Haven was originally a Lenape Nation Village for 6,000 years, the village was known as Namèsàk "Fishes" since the year 4000 B.C. -- 5660 years prior to the arrival of European settlers in the 1660's.
For more information about colonial land ownerhip in Monmouth County please read "Owning New Jersey -- Historic Tales of War, Property Disputes & The Pursuit of Happiness" copyright Joseph A. Grabas, published 2014 by the History Press ISBN 978-1-62619--620-9.
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The Remarkable Fair Haven "Free African American" Enclave of Brown's Lane. In Joseph Grabas’s book, “Owning New Jersey” he details the remarkable saga of Jake Brown, an African-American man living in Fair Haven. “This Dignified, almost 100-year-old man had served in World War I and lived most of his life on Brown’s Lane in Fair Haven,” said Grabas. That property was granted to Brown’s grandfather by Jacob Corlies, a white man, in 1830, decades before the official abolition of slavery – a seeming anomaly.
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But, in fact, the land transfer was a direct result of the 1804 New Jersey Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery. The Act stated that black males born after July 4, 1804 were free but could purchase land ONLY AFTER they reached 25 years of age. Brown’s grandfather, also named Jacob, was one of the first to do so along the "Rumson Neck" Peninsula.
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While Mr. Grabas was pursuing his Master’s In History –
Joe Grabas studied under the tutelage of Richard Veit of Monmouth University. Describing his student, Veit noted, “Joe has incredible skills as a researcher and has already made major contributions to the understanding of slavery in New Jersey.”
Much of the information that Mr. Grabas provides concerned how entrenched slavery was in pre-Civil War New Jersey society. Quakers were not the only slaveholders. Early Dutch farmers throughout New Jersey enslaved Africans.
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When Jesse Lightfoot published a Monmouth County map in 1851, he noted the location of the “African Church” in what became Fair Haven. The church was on land owned by Jacob Brown, described in his 1830 deed to the property as a “Coloured Man.” Brown established a free African-American community around his homestead. Today’s Brown’s Lane is a tribute to this pioneer.
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Though New Jersey declared that “All men are free and independent” in its second state constitution of 1844, the State Supreme Court interpreted that as meaning ONLY "WHITE MEN." New Jersey was one of the Last Four States to RATIFY the 13th Amendment to the U. S. Constitution, in January 1866.
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A very notable New Jersey FREE African American Man was CYRUS BUSTILL who was the Great-Great-Grandfather of Paul Robeson.
Cyrus was born a slave in Burlington, NJ and he was
Manumitted in 1769 by his third owner, who taught Cyrus to be a baker.
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New Jersey's approach to emancipation was a gradual process marked by the 1804 "Gradual Abolition of Slavery" law. This law declared that children born to enslaved mothers after July 4, 1804, would be free, but WITH CONDITIONS. Specifically, males were to serve as servants until age 25, and females until age 21. This meant that while New Jersey was the Last Northern State to begin the emancipation process, it continued to have ENSLAVED PEOPLE For Decades.
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Here's a more details:
1804 Gradual Abolition Act:
This landmark law stipulated that children born to enslaved mothers after July 4, 1804, were not born slaves, but were instead BOUND to their mothers' enslavers as SERVANTS until they reached the age of 25 (males) or 21 (females).
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DELAYED FREEDOM:
This meant that even though New Jersey began the process of ending slavery, it did not mean immediate freedom for all enslaved people. Many individuals remained enslaved under this system for decades.
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Last Northern State:
New Jersey was the Last Northern State to initiate a gradual emancipation process, leading to a situation where slavery persisted longer than in other northern states.
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In 1846, New Jersey passed another act that converted the status of slaves into APPRENTICES BOUND to their current ENSLAVERS, but the census continued to list some as slaves.
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1865 Thirteenth Amendment:
New Jersey RELUCTANTLY Ratified the 13th Amendment in 1866, which abolished slavery nationwide, finally freeing the remaining enslaved individuals in the state.

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Robert Grant is a historian and former resident Fair Haven (1960 to 1970). He became fascinated about the 1881 NJ Supreme Court decision known as the "Fair Haven Rule" which prohibited segregation in NJ Public Schools for students of age 5 to 18 years old.
In the early 19th Century U.S.A, efforts were made by abolitionists to outlaw public school segregation. Two east coast communities i.e. Boston, MA and Fair Haven NJ petitioned their state courts to prohibit public school segregation.
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The above is Copyright 02/17/2013 Robert Grant, All Rights Reserved.
Permission is granted to the public to reproduce this original work provided that one must: a) reproduce this report "AS IS" without any alterations and in its entirety. b) notify the author via email at [email protected] as to the place where this was reproduced or distributed.

RAE KUSHNNER -- should have received the NOBEL PEACE AwardShe saved 350 Jews from the N**i Death CampsPlease read about ...
06/12/2025

RAE KUSHNNER -- should have received the NOBEL PEACE Award
She saved 350 Jews from the N**i Death Camps
Please read about RAE (below), she was also the Grandmother . . of Jared Kushner, President Trump's son-in-law
100 Jewish Women Warriors helped save 30,000 Jews
from the N**i Death Camps - WATCH the Video
CLICK==>> https://youtu.be/V9i5Hp2nVb8?si=IIUGbDp-87O30Rqh
REISEL (RAE) KUSHNER a Partisan Fighter that escaped from a N**i concentration camp. The Kushners’ unlikely survival centers upon the actions of Rae Kushner – Jared Kushner's steel-willed paternal grandmother, who was 16 when the Germans placed her with her parents, sister and brother in the Novogrudok, Belarus ghetto.
Having survived at least five “selections” for murder by machine gun — including the one in which her mother was killed — Rae joined her brother in leading a daring escape through a tunnel that was dug underneath the heavily-guarded ghetto, which was surrounded by electric wire. Rae recalled her role in the escape — which included removing dirt, as well as obtaining work tools and information from non-Jews who had entered the ghetto with the Germans’ permission.
In what became one of Belarus’ best-known Holocaust stories, Rae helped lead prisoners through the weeks-in-the-making escape tunnel, which was the longest of its kind in N**i-occupied Europe and facilitated the biggest escape through a tunnel by Jews.
The diggers — who concealed the earth they removed inside double walls and attics — led 350 men and women to freedom through the tunnel and into the woods. There, the survivors joined the Bielski partisans — a group of some 1,000 Jews named after the three brothers who led them, and whose bravery was the subject of the 2008 film “Defiance.”
As organizers, Rae and her brother, Honie, had earned a spot among the first to crawl out — what was considered a far safer position than at the end of the line. But she gave up her prime position to be with her 54-year-old father and 15-year-old sister. “If we live, we live together. If we die, we die together,” she recalled in the interview. That decision may have saved her life, as well as that of her sister and her father, who was so weakened by months of malnutrition that he needed his daughters to carry him. Rae’s brother, who was among the first to emerge, disappeared without a trace. He was never seen again.
In Rae’s two-hour interview, which was archived by the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, she recalled how she forced a farmer to lead her family into the woods, where they lived for months on food given to them by locals until they were discovered by the Bielski partisans, who had heard about the escape and sought out survivors in nearby villages. The Kushners lived in the woods for a year, keeping watch for German troops and helping maintain the partisans’ camp until liberation in May, 1945.
Rae then took her family to a refugee camp in Czechoslovakia and, later, to Italy. She married her husband, Joseph Berkowitz, also from the Novogrudok area, in Budapest. Since he was from a poor family, he took her better-known name.
They emigrated to the United States in 1949 and settled in Brooklyn, where they raised four children, including Jared’s father, Charles. Joseph Kushner got a job as a construction worker, but by the time of his death in 1985, he had built a real-estate empire comprising more than 4,000 apartments.

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