30/08/2026
โ The plans behind the largest amphibious invasion in history.
On 30 August 1944, German forces retreating across the River Seine marked the end of the Normandy campaign and a major turning point in the liberation of Western Europe.
Less than three months earlier, on 6 June, Operation Overlord had begun with D-Day.
At its heart was Operation Neptune, the vast naval operation that carried Allied forces across the English Channel and supported their landings on the Normandy coast. Thousands of ships and landing craft, alongside the sailors and crews who operated them, helped put more than 150,000 Allied troops ashore on D-Day. Coordinating an operation on this scale required extraordinary planning.
Today, Royal Navy Museums cares for an original set of the Naval Operation Orders for Operation Neptune. Hundreds of copies were produced for the forces involved, but crucially, each contained only the information needed for a particular operational area. If one fell into enemy hands, it could not reveal the entire invasion plan.
From movements and timings to the coordination of ships and landing craft, documents like these reveal the immense planning behind a day remembered for the courage of those who took part.
Operation Overlord did not end the war in Europe, but it opened the way for the Allied advance that would eventually lead to victory.
See the Operation Neptune orders on display at Royal Navy Museums: Portsmouth and discover the stories behind the people, ships and decisions that shaped D-Day.
https://orlo.uk/cJum4