01/07/2026
The art of sculpture in unfired, air-dried clay (terracruda) evolved in South Asia over millennia. From the 18th century onwards, terracruda figurines became popular in a wider secular context. Jadunath Pal (c. 1821–1920), the most famous Indian master sculptor from Krishnanagar, West Bengal, created our group of 22 figurines. He was celebrated for his lifelike unfired clay figures and ethnographic models.
Each of the twenty men and two women has been meticulously modelled in clay over a metal wire frame, placing them in a unique position or gesture. One intriguing figurine is that of a young woman balancing an earthenware pot on her head. Faint tattoos adorn her arms, left hand, and chest; these are reminiscent of the Southern Indian practice of tattooing women’s hands and arms with patterns derived from kolum, the geometric or curvilinear patterns adorning the entrance to a house in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
Susan Bean’s new publication ‘Clay Works - Earthen Sculpture in South Asia’, Bloomsbury, 2026 discusses this topic in depth.
The Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum in Mumbai showcases its extensive collection of miniature clay models and dioramas in its stunning building.
See link in bio for the full description by Hallie Nell Swanson.