11/09/2026
From the gold rush era to the early 20th century, how did Chinese migrants navigate life in English-speaking Australia and America? With phrasebooks like these in hand, they navigated work, travel, trade and everyday life across unfamiliar worlds.
Image 2-3. Cantonese-English Phrase Book《广肇英语》
Author: Zhu Rui-sheng 朱瑞生
Edition: c. 1857–1862
Collection: Chinese Museum, Melbourne
This book was written specifically for use on the Victorian and Californian goldfields, with the place names of towns with substantial Chinese communities in both regions provided.
Image 4-6. The Chinese and English Instructor《英语集全》
Author: Tang Tingshu 唐廷枢
Edition: 1862, Guangzhou, six-volume edition
Collection: Museum of Chinese Australian History, Melbourne — currently on display on level 3 in the permanent exhibition One Million Stories:Chinese Australians 200Years (Image 4); State Library collection (image 5-6)
Image 7-9. 《无师自晓》 The Self Educator
Author: Sun Johnson 孙俊臣
Edition: c. 1891–1892, Sydney
Collection: National Library of Australia
Image 10-12. 《華英通語集全》 Chinese and English Phrase Book
Author:Ziqin 子卿
Revised Version: 1884 Wenyutang, Hongkong(文裕堂)
Collection: Ashfield & District Historical Society,NSW
Image 13-15. Chinese Pronunciation of English Words and The Tallyman’s Vocabulary
Author/Compiler: Jo-Lien Mo
Edition: 9th edition, 1923, Hong Kong
Collection: Donald History and Natural History Group, Victoria
Image 16-19. A Chinese and English Phrase Book in the Canton Dialect (《英语不求人》)
Authors: Thomas Lathrop Stedman & K. P. Lee
Edition: 1888, New York
Collection:
Golden Dragon Museum, Bendigo