01/09/2026
Did you know that every time you drive down Main Street, you're tracing a line back to Washington's headquarters?
Here's the connection: Main Street was originally the Morris Turnpike, chartered in 1801—and the man who ran it was Gabriel Ford, son of Colonel Jacob Ford Jr. It was Jacob Ford's own Morristown mansion that became George Washington's headquarters during the brutal winter of 1779–80, one of the hardest stretches of the entire Revolutionary War. Two decades later, his son was the one deciding where Chatham's future Main Street would go.
And Ford had remarkable power to decide it. The turnpike wasn't a town project—it was a private business venture, funded by investors who bought shares at $25 apiece, banking on tolls set by law to guarantee them an 8 percent profit. To build it, surveyors were given sweeping authority: They could stake out the route wherever they pleased, with the legal right to purchase or simply take any land in their path, including existing public roads.
You might expect residents to have resisted. Instead, many were relieved. Maintaining local roads had always fallen on the town and its taxpayers, and here was a private company offering to take that burden off their hands entirely.
Ford treated the turnpike's records as his own personal property, keeping the original survey map for himself.
That map has never been found.
📍 The Morris Turnpike's route through town is what we know today as Main Street.
📚 History courtesy of John T. Cunningham's Chatham: At the Crossing of the Fishawack.
Top 📷: Washington’s headquarters [i.e. Ford Mansion], Morristown, N.J., circa 1901. Detroit Publishing Co., digital file from original glass negative, courtesy Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.
Bottom 📷: Main Street, Chatham, NJ, circa early 1900s. From the digital collection of the Chatham Historical Society.