23/09/2025
【展覽資訊】
國立臺灣大學藝術史研究所美術館的新展即將開幕，誠摯邀請大家前來觀賞！
｜展覽名稱
中國新石器時代陶器展
｜展期
2025年9月24日（三）至2025年11月29日（六）
｜開放時間
每週三和週六，上午10:00至下午4:00（免費參觀）
逢國定假日閉館
｜地點
國立臺灣大學藝術史研究所美術館（校史館東側）
｜展覽簡介
《中國新石器時代陶器展》展出作品，分別來自黃河中游仰韶文化、下游龍山文化和黃河上游分布在甘肅、青海的馬家窯文化，以及新石器時代末期至青銅時代初期齊家文化。此外，為了參考比較，也收入幾件中國東北地區屬青銅時代的夏家店文化和西北地區辛店文化的陶器。
仰韶文化主要分布於陝西關中地區、河南、山西南部、河北西北部，其中以陝西西安半坡和河南陝縣廟底溝等兩處遺址最為著名，後者又稱廟底溝類型，據碳-14測定並經校正，廟底溝仰韶文化遺存的年代不晚於西元前2780年。
在山東省章丘縣龍山鎮城子崖發現而命名的龍山文化，因地區而分為幾個文化型，其中山東龍山文化又稱典型龍山文化，經碳-14測定並經校正，年代約為西元前2500年至前2000年。
黃河上游新石器時代晚期的馬家窯文化陶器可區分成馬家窯（3300–2900 BCE）、半山（2650–2350 BCE）和馬廠（2350–2050 BCE）等三個類型，但此次展品限於半山和馬廠類型，其中多數作品和青海省樂都縣城東柳灣墓地陪葬的半山和馬廠彩陶相近。
上承馬家窯文化的齊家文化，主要分布在甘肅、青海境內的黃河沿岸及支流渭河、洮河、大夏河、湟水流域，早期的年代約在西元前2000年，後期已進入青銅時代。年代稍晚於齊家文化的甘肅境內辛店文化以粗沙質紅陶為主，泥質紅陶次之。
This exhibition presents pottery produced by the Yangshao culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River; the Longshan culture in the lower reaches; the Majiayao culture in the upper reaches, distributed across Gansu and Qinghai provinces; and the Qijia culture spanning the late Neolithic period to the early Bronze Age. It also features, for the purposes of comparison, vessels from the Xiajiadian culture of the Bronze Age in Northeast China and the Xindian culture in the northwest.
The Yangshao culture was primarily distributed across the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi, Henan, southern Shanxi, and northwestern Hebei. Among its most well-known archaeological sites are Banpo in Xi’an, Shaanxi, and the Miaodigou in Shan County, Henan. Based on carbon-14 dating, the Yangshao cultural remains at Miaodigou—classified as part of what is referred to as Miaodigou phase—date to no later than 2780 BCE.
The Longshan culture, named after its discovery at Chengziya in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province, is categorized into several regional cultures. Among them, the Shandong-based Longshan culture—referred to as “classic” or “typical” Longshan—has been more precisely dated through carbon-14 analysis to 2500 to 2000 BCE.
Pottery produced by the Majiayao culture in the upper reaches of the Yellow River during the late Neolithic period can be classified into three types: Majiayao (3300–2900 BCE), Banshan (2650–2350 BCE), and Machang (2350–2050 BCE). The examples included in this exhibition are limited to the Banshan and Machang types, many of which resemble painted pottery of the same types found as grave goods at the Liuwan burial site in Chengdong, Ledu County, Qinghai Province.
The Qijia culture, which succeeded the Majiayao culture, was primarily distributed along the Yellow River and its tributaries—the Wei, Tao, Daxia, and Huangshui River Basin—within Gansu and Qinghai provinces. Its early period is dated to 2000 BCE, transitioning into the Bronze Age in its later period. In the Xindian culture, which developed slightly later than the Qijia culture in Gansu, coarse, sand-tempered red pottery is more prevalent than that made from fine clay.
